shi'ah jurisprudence and evolution in the fundaments of environmental civil liability

nowadays the environmental civil liability regime has wake fundaments. this article attempts to analysis the new evolutions in the fundaments of environmental civil liability theories in islamic jurisprudence and environmental law .so this paper is divided in tow sections and one introduction. part i study contemporary legal approaches in environmental civil liability and part ii explain and developed the jurisprudence theories in this context. the principal thesis of this paper emphasis, despite of contemporary legal theories about environmental damage we can find especial legal theories in the jurisprudence (or islamic environmental law)can developed and protected environment in best way and provides alternative legal theories for modern environmental law.